ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Acetabulum anterior column shape is complex, and closed to femoral artery, and femoral nerve. Fixed screws easily went into the acetabulum. Currently, there was less data on quantitative anatomy data of pelvic acetabulum fracture with anterior column plate internal fixation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the pelvis gender differences by analyzing digital anatomical features of normal adult acetabulum anterior column section through digital three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement. METHODS: Totally 30 normal adults (half male and half female) received pelvic CT scans, and data were obtained. Using Materialise Mimics Innovation Suite 16.0 software, the boundary of the pelvis was used as reference line for sectioning. The obturator groove, iliopubic eminence, anterior inferior iliac spine, and the anterior superior iliac spine were used as a reference mark. In 15 males and 15 females (30 sides), the corresponding boundary line from obturator groove to the anterior superior iliac spine of acetabular anterior column was sliced into 5 mm-thick sections. The tangent line was vertical to the boundary line. The tangent plane was vertical to the upper plane of the anterior column. The angle and length of each section 5, 10, 15 mm points from the boundary line to the acetabulum, and the perpendicular distance from anterior and posterior edges of the acetabulum to anterior inferior iliac spine, iliopubic eminence and the pubic tubercle. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Acetabular anterior column from the obturator groove to the anterior superior iliac spine section was not significantly different (P > 0.05). (2) No matter in males or females, the tangent angle of the fifth layer section was minimum, and the tangent length of the sixth layer section was longest. The length and angle of the second slice at 5 mm point were not significantly different between males and females. However, above indexes in others were significantly larger in females than in males (P < 0.05). (3) Results indicated that in different fracture ranges and different fixation plate positions, the angle and length of pedicle screws are dynamic, so we only selected in accordance with above range, but cannot fix in a certain value. The design of the most accurate and effective placement angle and length should be aimed at nailing design parameters for each individual patient. The use of Mimics software can be used for three-dimensional reconstruction of CT data of adult acetabular anterior column fracture, and can measure the number of indexes, and provide a theoretical reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of acetabular anterior column fracture.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effect of hypertension on the process of carotid atherosclerotic lesions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using ultrasound techniques. Methods: A total of 203 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension were enrolled into the study. The patients were grouped according to the increased systolic blood pressure for 5 mm Hg as an observation unit. The hemodynamic parameters of intracranial and extracranial arteries in each group were measured by using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) to identify the extent of vascular lesions. The correlations of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, age, hypertension, duration of diabetes with the detection rate of common carotid intimal medial thickness (CCA-IMT), carotid and intracranial arterial stenosis were analyzed. Results: Circled digit oneThe CCA-IMT in 203 patients was 0.62-1.36 mm (mean 1.04 ± 0.14 mm). The detection rate of intracranial arterial stenosis was 52.7%, in which the detection rate of stenosis rate ≥ 50% was 21.2%; the detection rate of extracranial carotid artery stenosis was 28.1%, in which the detection rate of stenosis rate ≥ 50% was 14.8%. The total detection rate of intracranial arterial stenosis and the detection rate of stenosis rate ≥ 50% were higher than extracranial carotid artery, in which there were significant differences in total detection rate of stenosis (P 0.05). Circled digit twoMultiple stepwise regression analysis showed that there was a linear relationship between the CCA-IMT and systolic blood pressure and age. For each increase of 5 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure, the CCA-IMT would increase 0.015 mm; for each increase of 1 year of age, the CCA-IMT would increase 0.008 mm. Circled digit threeThe total detection rate of intracranial artery stenosis showed a linear relationship with age. For each increase of 1 year of age, the total detection rate of stenosis increased 2.8%; the detection rate of ≥ 50% stenosis showed a linear relationship with systolic blood pressure. For each increase of 5 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure, the detection rate of stenosis increased 2%. Conclusion: the CCA-IMT increases with the increased blood pressure in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes. The progression of intracranial arterial stenosis in patients with diabetes mellitus promoted by hypertension is more apparent than carotid artery.